Also known as: Albuterol
Description
Albuterol is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in patients with asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. It is also used to prevent bronchospasm caused by exercise.
Albuterol belongs to the family of medicines known as adrenergic bronchodilators. Adrenergic bronchodilators are medicines that are breathed in through the mouth to open up the bronchial tubes (air passages) in the lungs. They relieve cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and troubled breathing by increasing the flow of air through the bronchial tubes.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Dosage
This section provides information on the proper use of a number of products that contain albuterol. It may not be specific to Ventolin Inhaler. Please read with care.
Use this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. Also, do not stop using this medicine or any asthma medicine without telling your doctor. To do so may increase the chance for breathing problems.
The albuterol inhalation solution (eg, Accuneb®) should be used with a jet nebulizer that is connected to an air compressor with good air flow. The inhalation solution and nebulizer will come with patient instructions. Read and follow these instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.
To use the inhalation solution in the nebulizer:
Use one container of solution or mix the exact amount of solution using the dropper provided for each dose. Place the inhalation solution in the medicine reservoir or nebulizer cup on the machine. Connect the nebulizer to the face mask or mouthpiece. Use the face mask or mouthpiece to breathe in the medicine. Use the nebulizer for about 5 to 15 minutes, or until the medicine in the nebulizer cup is gone. Clean all the parts of the nebulizer after each use.
The albuterol inhalation aerosol (eg, ProAir® HFA, Proventil® HFA) and albuterol inhalation powder (eg, ProAir® Digihaler™, ProAir® Respiclick®) are used with a special inhaler that comes with patient instructions. Read the directions carefully before using this medicine. If you or your child do not understand the directions or are not sure how to use the inhaler, ask your doctor to show you what to do. Also, ask your doctor to check regularly how you or your child use the inhaler to make sure you are using it properly.
To use the inhalation aerosol:
The inhaler should be at room temperature before you use it. Insert the metal canister firmly and fully into the actuator. This actuator should not be used with other inhaled medicines. Remove the cap and look at the mouthpiece to make sure it is clean. Point the inhaler away from your face. Shake the inhaler well and test spray it in the air 3 times for ProAir® HFA or 4 times for Proventil® HFA before using it for the first time or if the inhaler has not been used for more than 2 weeks. To inhale this medicine, breathe out fully, trying to get as much air out of the lungs as possible. Put the mouthpiece just in front of your mouth with the canister upright. Open your mouth and breathe in slowly and deeply (like yawning), and at the same time firmly press down once on the top of the canister. Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, then breathe out slowly. If you are supposed to use more than one puff, wait 1 minute before inhaling the second puff. Repeat these steps for the second puff, starting with shaking the inhaler. When you have finished all of your doses, rinse your mouth with water and spit the water out. Clean the inhaler mouthpiece at least once a week with warm running water for 30 seconds, and air dry it completely. If you need to use the inhaler before it is completely dry, shake off the excess water, replace the canister, and spray it 2 times in the air away from the face. Use your regular dose. After using the inhaler, wash the mouthpiece again and dry it completely. If the mouthpiece becomes blocked, washing it will help. The Proventil® HFA inhaler has a window that shows the number of doses remaining. This tells you when you are getting low on medicine. The counter will turn red when there are only 20 doses left, to remind you to refill your prescription.
To use the inhalation powder:
Take the inhaler from the foil pouch before you use it for the first time. The inhaler provides about 200 inhalations. The dose counter will change to red when there are "20" doses left. Call your doctor or pharmacist for a refill of prescription or medicine. Make sure the cap is closed before using this medicine. Do not open the cap unless you are going to use it. Hold the inhaler upright as you open the cap fully until you hear a "click". Your inhaler is now ready to use. To inhale this medicine, breathe out fully, trying to get as much air out of the lungs as possible. Put the mouthpiece fully into your mouth and close your lips around it. Breathe in through your mouth as deeply as you can until you have taken a full deep breath. Do not block the vent above the mouthpiece with your lips or fingers. Hold your breath for about 10 seconds or as long as you comfortably can. Remove the inhaler from your mouth and check the dose counter to make sure you received the medicine. Close the cap firmly over the mouthpiece after using the inhaler. Always close the cap after each use. If you are supposed to use more than one puff, repeat these steps for the second puff, starting with opening the cap fully. Do not use a spacer or volume holding chamber together with the ProAir® Digihaler™. Keep the inhaler clean and dry at all times. Do not wash or put any part of the inhaler in water. Replace the ProAir® Digihaler™ if it has been washed or placed in water. If you need to clean the mouthpiece, wipe it gently with a dry cloth or tissue.
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
For inhalation aerosol dosage form (inhaler): For treatment or prevention of bronchospasm: Adults and children 4 years of age and older—Two puffs every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Children younger than 4 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your child's doctor. For prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm: Adults and children 4 years of age and older—Two puffs taken 15 to 30 minutes before exercise. Children younger than 4 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your child's doctor. For inhalation powder dosage form (inhaler): For treatment or prevention of bronchospasm: Adults and children 4 years of age and older—Two puffs every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Children younger than 4 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your child's doctor. For prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm: Adults and children 4 years of age and older—Two puffs taken 15 to 30 minutes before exercise. Children younger than 4 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your child's doctor. For inhalation solution dosage form (used with a nebulizer): For prevention of bronchospasm: Adults and children older than 12 years of age—2.5 milligrams (mg) in the nebulizer 3 or 4 times per day as needed. Children 2 to 12 years of age—0.63 to 1.25 mg in the nebulizer 3 or 4 times per day as needed. Children younger than 2 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your child's doctor.
Overdose
If you overdose Astham and you don't feel good you should visit your doctor or health care provider immediately.
Storage
Keep the medicine in the foil pouch until you are ready to use it. Store at room temperature, away from heat and direct light. Do not freeze.
Store unopened vials of this medicine at room temperature, away from heat and direct light. Do not freeze. An open vial of medicine must be used right away.
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
Store the canister at room temperature, away from heat and direct light. Do not freeze. Do not keep this medicine inside a car where it could be exposed to extreme heat or cold. Do not poke holes in the canister or throw it into a fire, even if the canister is empty.
Store Proventil® HFA inhaler with the mouthpiece down.
Throw away the ProAir® Digihaler™ or ProAir® Respiclick® 13 months after opening the foil pouch, when the dose counter reaches "0", or after the expiration date, whichever comes first.
Detailed Albuterol dosage information
Training the developing brain, part I: cognitive developmental considerations for training youth. Evidence from this scoping review supports the use of the ICF in healthcare goal-setting practices because it provides clinicians and patients with specific steps to follow when attempting to set goals collaboratively. To inspire excellent clinicians to become educators, the role of the nurse educator needs to be more fully defined. This study finds that benefit limits do matter but only to a very small number of plan enrollees. from our study revealed that the elevated serum calcium level might be an independent risk factor for liver cirrhosis. Spin Seebeck effect in quantum dot side-coupled to topological superconductor.
Paying attention to clinical details and a diligent review of medical records is needed to solve cases in which the diagnosis is not obvious despite numerous tests. Deviations from normal weight are, even after controlling for important health-risk behaviors and socio-demographic characteristics, associated with compromised physical or mental HRQOL among young men. The lipoprotein (a) levels increase after heart transplant, with a subsequent gradual decrease even below the previous figures. CLINICAL TRIAL OF A HYPOTENSIVE DRUG: 3,4-DIHYDROXY-D-L-PHENYLALANINE OR METHYLDOPA. Additionally, we find that different OPs (chlorpyrifos zofran generic cost oxon, paraoxon, dichlorvos, diazinon oxon, malaoxon) and carbamylating agents (carbaryl, neostigmine, physostigmine, pyridostigmine) differentially inhibit DjChE activity in vitro.
Ustilaginoidea virens is the causal agent of rice false smut, causing quantitative and qualitative losses in rice industry. Mechanisms underlying depressor and bradycardia effects of A1-excitation in rats. To evaluate the relationship of ovarian activity on Ca125 production, we studied whether Ca125 production varies during the menstrual cycle both in normal ovulatory women and in women whose ovarian factors are significantly stimulated by multiple follicular development (MFD). There is no difference in success calcitriol generic names rates between single venous anastomosis and dual venous anastomoses for mandibular reconstruction with free fibula osteocutaneous flap. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Complications in Transvaginal Approach in Laparoscopic Surgery.
MORTALITY OF CHILDREN UNDER SIX YEARS OLD IN KENYA WITH REFERENCE TO CONTRIBUTORY CAUSES, ESPECIALLY MALNUTRITION. Having excluded common structural, inflammatory and vascular causes of a spastic paraparesis, the diagnostic yield of further clinical investigations is low. Moreover, our results showed that overexpression of TAZ enhanced cell growth, stimulated apoptosis, and promoted cell migration and invasion. Novel routes of investigation are opened to facilitate the understanding of the role of STAT5 activation in the communication between non-malignant myeloid and malignant B-cells, and the functions of STAT5 target genes networks in CLL biology. Half of the volunteers took the standard adult dose of dextromethorphan (20 mg), while the other half ingested twice this amount (40 mg). Synaptophysin levels were inversely correlated with amount of SIV RNA in the CNS. RP was quantified according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0. Sera and affinity-purified antibodies to peptides 10P, 14P and 17P recognized native pertactin with variable efficiency.
Since Cg-A is co-released with peptide hormones its serum concentration can be used as a marker of neuroendocrine tumors. Inhibition of tissue factor pathway during intermittent pneumatic compression: A possible mechanism for antithrombotic effect. The mechanism of this remarkable enhancement is explored by in situ microbalance elavil 15 mg and conductivity measurements. Previous literature was reviewed to summarize the CT and MRI characteristics of intrasellar schwannoma. The aim of the present study is to describe and update the epidemiological characteristics of snakebites notified to CAPM between 2009 and 2013. A low rate of evolution to a defined autoimmune disease, the limited use of steroid or immunosuppressive therapy, and a favourable course in the majority of cases are the main characteristics of patients with UCTDs. Understanding EC metabolism promises to reveal new perspectives on disease mechanisms in the vascular system with therapeutic implications for disorders with aberrant vessel growth and function. Our analysis resulted in identification of eight novel protein coding genes based on mass spectrometry data. Machinable ceramic systems and conventional laboratory restorations at a glance. Tumors of the adrenal medulla: nosologic profile and diagnostic technics.
Despite supportive findings for these technology-based assessments, there is resistance in the field of neuropsychology to adopt additional measures that incorporate technology components. Our results suggest that cetacean brain and body mass evolved under strong directional trends to increase through time, but decreases in EQ were widespread. Four green algae were chosen to evaluate alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, and antioxidant activity in vitro C. Questions concerning nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation vs nasal continuous positive airway pressure. RESEARCH ON THERMO-INACTIVATION OF POLIOVIRUSES BOUND TO HOMOTYPICAL ANTIBODIES. Comparison of the short-circuit current with the reabsorptive movement of sodium ions indicates that this process is largely, perhaps exclusively, active in nature.
At a concentration of alphaxalone as low as 30 nM, ethanol produced a robust concentration-related increase in GABA-gated currents from this cell type. Multi-unit activity was recorded simultaneously from several sites of isofrequency domains in primary auditory cortex. Likewise, field-stimulated hippocampal adrenergic neurotransmission is decreased upon continuous i.c.v. According to actually published guidelines, the laparoscopic approach to singulair 10mg medication concomitant splenectomy and cholecystectomy is recommended, but it depends on the availability of appropriately trained surgeons and suitable equipment. In our report a male patient underwent two procedures for aortic dissection, and 6 months after the second operation massive hemoptysis appeared abruptly. Across many environments microbial glycoside hydrolases support the enzymatic processing of carbohydrates, a critical function in many ecosystems. Contribution of electroencephalography to the study of hemiplegia of vascular origin.
Oral health status in patients with acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Thus, deletion of activated T cells through activation-induced cell death or growth factor withdrawal seems necessary to achieve peripheral tolerance across major histocompatibility complex barriers. The current data provide novel evidence that astrocytes within the NTS are relevant for energy balance control by GLP-1 signaling. Three types of trypsin (Type II and Type IX porcine trypsin and Type III bovine trypsin) and varying concentrations of trypsin were assessed. Rapastinel was derived from a monoclonal antibody, B6B21, is a tetrapeptide (threonine-proline-proline-threonine-amide) obtained from amino acid sequence information obtained from sequencing one of the hypervariable regions of the light chain of B6B21.
Animals with habitats in the intertidal zone often display biological rhythms that coordinate with both the tidal and the daily environmental cycles. Response to Effectiveness of adrenalectomy and aldosterone antagonists for long-term treatment of primary aldosteronism. We have found that overexpression of the native 19Ag gene in Escherichia coli or yeast leads to products which are aggregated and insoluble. Applying the methods to published data, I demonstrate how these new elasticities can shed light on growth rate response within and at the boundary of the previously observed range of the driving factor, thus helpfully indicating nonlinearity in the observed and in the potential future response. the complications with metallic-suture anchors result from inappropriate surgical techniques applied in arthroscopy. The programmed regression of the notochord cells is thus associated with a switch from a predominantly epithelial phenotype to a more mesenchymal one. nigricans the Hsp70 transcripts were inducible with deoxycorticosterone and testosterone as well as with heat stress, ethanol, CuSO(4), and H(2)O(2). Early complications: 4 cases of chondrolysis appeared 3 times after orthopedic reduction and fixation.